• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a gable for a cylindrical container with radius R, which is made of eight blanks, four of which consist of square discs bounded by a set of sine curves phase-shifted by 1/2 n row (i.e. 90 °), and the other four consist of triangular discs consisting of halves of square blanks divided along their major diagonal, which diagonal has a length of 1/2 n R. When all eight blanks have been bent with the same radius of curvature (R) as the cylinder of the container and, if necessary, turn by forming a container end by joining the discs, in the production of which the waste pieces remaining of the original amount of disc are minimized.
    公开号:FI20190039A1
    申请号:FI20190039
    申请日:2019-05-28
    公开日:2020-08-14
    发明作者:Jouko Ilmari Laine
    申请人:Jouko Ilmari Laine；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    END STRUCTURE, TANK AND METHOD OF CYLINDRICAL TANK TO MANUFACTURE THE END STRUCTURE
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to plate structures. In particular, the invention relates to the end structure of a cylindrical container.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The cylindrical shape of the container jacket is inexpensive and widely used in industry for many reasons - a construction known per se is used. Numerous different designs are known for the ends of cylindrical containers, for example: 1) flat ends which consist of a substantially straight circular plate - known are e.g. level and a level slightly rounded at the edges; 2) conical ends, which consist of at least one cone or a piece resembling it - known are e.g. cones with different cone angles, oblique cones and double cones consisting of - a truncated cone and a smaller counter-cone; and 3) rounded ends formed of differently rounded pieces using one or two rounding radii are known e.g. basket arch, klöpper and hemisphere ends. o> Known tank ends are useful and functional solutions. Plane and cone type 25 - long tank ends are used especially in non - pressurized tanks. Such ends are typically made by cutting a blank from a square or rectangular plate, which blank is bent into a cone shape if necessary. The problem with these ends is the extra sheet material left over from the manufacture, i.e. the so-called a large relative proportion of waste pieces, which = may be 20 to 40% of the amount of the original plate. The vague = 30 shape of these wastes makes their subsequent recovery difficult. Rounded tank ends are used - especially in pressurized tanks. The problem with these ends is also the waste pieces left by the sheet blank and, on the other hand, the high cost of the end-shaped and sized molds and shaping devices required for their shaping.
    It is already known to construct a container end from, for example, an octahedron (8-sided regular multi-faceted) or icosahedron (20-sided regular multi-faceted) halves, in which case there would be very few plate wastes, but the container shell could not be made in a preferred cylindrical shape.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to eliminate or at least alleviate the above-mentioned drawbacks. The object of the invention is to provide a novel end structure of a cylindrical container, a container and a method for manufacturing the same. The invention is characterized by what is set out in the independent claims. Applications of the invention are set out in the dependent claims. - In the end structure of a cylindrical container, the end blanks consist of approximately triangularly equal parts resembling an angled square, the length of the straight base (L) being a quarter of the circumferential length of the container, ie L =% 7 R, where (R) is the radius of the container cylinder. The second slightly curved side follows the equation y = R sin (x) calculated in radians, where (x) is the distance from the corner of the triangle-like blank to the base - along the corner representing the origin of the Cartesian coordinate system, and 0 <x <% mR and (y) is the side the shortest distance of the point from the above position. The third slightly curved side is a mirror image of the previous side with respect to the normal center line of the base of the triangular blank, so that on this side Yam R <x <% mn R, and which blanks are bent in either the normal direction of the triangular part or the base with the rounding radius 25 radius (R).
    N E The end model of the invention is hereinafter referred to as a cross-arc end. The advantage of the invention is that when the end of the container is made using triangles or approximately square-shaped blanks formed by triangles or pairs thereof, the amount of waste pieces of the plate is ideally only 3.61% of the original plate blank. The small number of waste pieces has a significant effect on the cost of raw material in the tank, which emphasizes
    difficult corrosion conditions when using expensive special materials, such as titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, etc. The number of wastes is minimized, especially if the length of the cylindrical circumference of the tank is equal to, .
    The ratio of the end volume (V) of the container to be made with the rounding radius (R) to the surface area (A) of the end is substantially the same as the ratio of the available useful volume of the end to the required sheet material. The solution is very advantageous compared to the corresponding ratio of known end models.
    By way of example, for the planar end this ratio depending on the radius of curvature (R) is V / A = 0.000 R, for the conical end (with a standard 120 * tip angle) V / A = 0.167 R, for the so-called with a klöpper end (without a possible straight portion of the end) V / A = 0.200 R, with a basket end respectively V / A = 0.240 R. With the cross-arc end according to the invention the ratio V / A = 0.333 R, which is approximately the same value as a very expensive hemispherical end. By way of example, if the diameters and volumes of the flat-bottomed cylinder and the cross-arch end according to the invention are set to the same, the theoretical amount of sheet material required by the cross-arch end is 10.2% smaller than the flat-bottom and its required cylinder. The material savings would be - substantially higher, taking into account the number of wastes in the comparison. It is also an advantage that when manufacturing the end according to the invention, all the blanks of the container end JN and the container cylinder itself are rounded with the same rounding radius (R), whereby the bending devices used for rounding need not be positioned more than once during manufacture. 3 25 0 The cross-arch end is not an ideal piece of rotation with respect to the center line = of the cylinder to be connected to it. If the tank containing the liquid substance is vertical and equipped with a stirrer mounted on the center line of the tank, then the rotating movement of the liquid in the tank, the so-called The flow constraints at the edges of the cylinder traditionally required to prevent vortex, S - vertical plates radially close to the circumference of the container - are not necessary at the bottom of the container because the end of the invention at the bottom of the container itself causes sufficient agitation in the liquid. This also reduces the need for sheet material.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in detail by means of application examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a blue curve, Figure 2 shows and for assembling the cylinder, i.e. the so-called Fig. 5 shows the end of the container and the cylindrical container jacket connected to the end from different directions, Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the views of Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 shows an exemplary arrangement of plate blanks on a rectangular plate and the so-called wasted pieces.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: In Figure 1, curve I shows one frequency of an ideal sine curve in a Cartesian coordinate system whose abscissa (x-axis) is in radian [rad]. Thus the length of the frequency is 2 is rad and the peaks of the curve on the ordinate (y-axis) are at y = + 1 when x = "z and x 2 = 1% n. Graph I follows exactly the equation y = sin (x). Ro 25 In the figure 2 shows four evenly spaced phase-shifted otherwise ideal sine curves in the range of one E frequency with each phase shift being% Trad compared to the previous curve, 2 S curve 2 equation is y = sin (x), which is the same as equation 1 of curve 1 in Figure 1,> 30 - curve 3 the equation is y = sin (x-% r), the equation of curve 4 is y = sin (x- =) and the equation of curve 5 is y = sin (x-1% 4r).
    The identical square areas 6 to 9 delimited in the figure by the above-mentioned curves 2 to 5 are in the form of blanks at the end of the container according to the invention, in this example plate blanks. Figure 3 shows a more detailed drawing of a square-shaped plate blank according to the end of a container according to the invention.
    The blank is delimited by dark edges.
    The plate blanks can also be triangular pieces 11 and 12 obtained by dividing a square-like piece 10 in half along a larger diameter 13 of the latter blank, indicated by broken lines, with a diameter of 4 x R.
    The figure also shows the edges of the ideal square 14 in dotted lines.
    The length of each side of this square is% TR / 2. The planar assembly shown in Fig. 4, formed mainly from the plate blanks described above, can be assembled into a container and in particular into its end.
    All the blanks 15 to 23 are rounded using a radius of curvature of the radius (R) of the container, the rounding directions being per-blank, i.e. according to the double arrows (+ or ¢) in Fig. 4.
    To form the cylindrical part 15 of the container, the rectangular planar pattern 15 is rounded into a cylinder according to the direction of the double arrows (-) in Fig. 4, connecting lines 24-25 and 26-27 together using methods known per se.
    One example of a joining method is laser welding.
    When the plane distances of points 24 and 26 and 25 and 27 are 2 TR, the radius of the tank cylinder becomes (R). When forming a cylinder, the triangle-like portions 20 to 23 also round out as an extension of the cylindrical surface or can be manufactured separately. o Further loose square-like parts 16 ... 19 are rounded in the direction of the> double arrows (+) in Fig. 4.
    First, the following side pairs are joined together: 28 - 3 25 29-30; 31-29-32; 32 - 33 - 34; 35 - 33 - 36; 36 - 37 - 38; 39 - 37 - 40; 40 - 26 - 41; 42 - N 26 (i.e. 24) - 28. Then connect the side pairs: 43 - 31 and 34 - 44 with each other, 44 - 35 and E 38 - 45 with each other, 45 - 39 and 41 - 46 with each other and 46 - 42 and 30 - 43 with each other. 3 S Now the corners 43 to 46 in Figure 4 meet each other at the top / bottom of the vertical tank.
    S 30 The line 24-29-33-37-26 of Fig. 4 may in a second embodiment be in the original cylindrical blank 15. In a second embodiment said line may be connected by joining the bases bent according to the arrows (+) shown in Fig. 4 of parts 20 ... 23.
    The formed end resembles two crossed curved surfaces.
    Using the bends and joints according to Figure 4 and its description, parts can be formed from which the end of the container according to the invention can be assembled so that the parts can be easily connected to each other and there are no gaps in the seam blanks.
    This is especially important e.g. in titanium welding.
    Fig. 5 shows views of the cylindrical container and the cross-arch end from different directions, with Fig. 47 showing a side view from one direction and Fig. 48 a side view formed when Fig. 47 is rotated about its vertical center axis 49 45 in either direction.
    Fig. 50 shows the bottom, either from above or from below, formed when Fig. 47 is rotated around line 51 by 90 *. The dashed lines 51 and 52 may, depending on the embodiment, be either seams or may be missing, as will be apparent from the description of Figure 4.
    Shape lines between 53 to 54; 55> 54; 56> 57; 58> 57; 58> 59; 60 - 59; 58> 61; 63> 62; 64 - 62; 65 - 62 and 66 - »62 are clearly visible at the points marked with the first number of the line definition, but as they approach the points marked with the last number of the line definition - they gradually merge with the surface of the environment.
    In Fig. 6, the structure of the end and the container connected thereto is illustrated by showing it in a perspective view obliquely from below, rotating Fig. 47 of Fig. 5 around line 51 so that the bottom of the container approaches the viewer. Fig. 7 shows by way of example an embodiment of removing one end of a container E according to the invention, i.e. four square-like (67-70) and four triangle-like (71 2-74) plate blanks, from a rectangular plate with side lengths S of 2: 3, which is typical for the sides of expensive special material sheets with a ratio of> 30 de.
    Figure 7 shows the so-called waste pieces 75-79. Figure 7 clearly shows the essential advantage of the invention, i.e. the minimized number of waste pieces, which in this embodiment is about 4% of the original plate area.
    For example, the amount of waste left over from a square plate when the round flat base is removed from the plate is at least 22% of the original plate area. When making conical bases, the number of wastes can be even substantially higher.
    The figures and the related description are only intended to illustrate the above invention. There may be slight variation in the details within the scope of the inventive idea set forth in the claims. The arcs following the sine function of the slabs according to the invention can be described by different fitting equations or parts thereof which are not exactly sine functions but are very close to it in the imaging range, such as short bands, the fit graphs follow the theoretical sine functions described above sufficiently well. Likewise, the slabs can be formed from smaller parts than described above, and the joining of the slabs can take place in many different orders, and that the blanks can be cut from the slabs in several different ways. The cutting and joining of the plates can be carried out using well-known engineering techniques, such as laser or conventional cutting and welding methods. The bending of the plates can be carried out using well-known engineering techniques, such as bending by means of roller rolls.
    The container can also be assembled from two opposite ends of the shape of the invention, which can be twisted differently with respect to each other, so that the actual cylindrical part is completely absent, the shape of the container approaching a spherical shape which is known to be expensive to manufacture.
    2 & ro 25 In a bead-supported tank, where the cylindrical extension 2 directed downwards from the cylindrical part of the tank acts as a tank leg, triangular pieces (20 - 23) do not need to be made separately, = because the tank cylinder extension replaces these, and the tank end consists of only four> square paragraph (16 - 19).
    > 30 The invention is not limited to the application examples presented above, but many modifications are possible while remaining within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    An end structure of a cylindrical container, characterized in that: the end comprises four mutually integral triangular blanks (20 to 23); each blank (20-23) has three sides, the length (L) of the first straight base being a quarter of the circumferential length of the container; the second slightly curved side follows the equation y = R sin (x) calculated in radians, where (x) is the distance from the corner of the blank along a straight line with the angle representing the origin of the Cartesian coordinate system and 0 <x <'4n R, and (y) the shortest point on the side distance from the above strain; the third side is a mirror image of the second side with respect to the normal parallel line of the base of the triangle-like blank, the third side being% t R <x <”% rR; and the blanks are bent in either the base of the triangular portion or in the normal direction of the base with the radius of rounding being equal to the radius (R) of the container.
    [2]
    End structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the rounded part of the end of the container comprises two triangular blanks (11, 12) which are mirror images of each other and which are joined together by their straight bases to form a unitary square body, and that the rounded the end portion includes four square pieces (16 -19). 2
    [3]
    End structure according to Claim 2, characterized in that it comprises: N 25 four triangular blanks (20 to 23) bent in the direction of the base and four 2 square pieces (16 to 19) whose position and bending are at an angle of 90 ° three-z: with respect to angular blanks. a o =
    [4]
    End structure according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the length of the circumference directed towards the cylindrical part of the end structure is the width of the slab, its multiple N or a fraction of this dimension.
    [5]
    5. A container, characterized in that it consists of two end structures according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the two end structures are connected to each other at their open edges as mirror images of each other, whereby the shape of the container is spherical.
    [6]
    A method of forming an end structure of a cylindrical container, characterized in that: the end is formed by joining together four mutually integral triangular blanks (20-23); wherein each blank (20-23) has three sides; wherein the length (L) of the first straight base is a quarter of the circumferential length of the container; the second slightly curved side follows the equation y = R sin (x) in radians, where (x) is the distance from the corner of the blank along a straight line with the angle representing the origin of the Cartesian coordinate system and 0O <x <'4nR and (y) the shortest distance from the side - the said position; the third side is a mirror image of the second side with respect to the normal parallel line of the base of the triangle-like blank, the third side being% tr R <x <% nR; and bending the blanks in the direction of either the base of the triangular portion or the base in the normal direction, the radius of rounding being equal to the radius (R) of the container.
    [7]
    A method according to claim 6, characterized in that a rounded part of the container end is formed from two triangular blanks (11, 12) which are mirror images of each other and are joined together from their straight bases to form a unitary square body, and that the rounded end part comprises four square pieces. 2 pieces (16 - 19).
    [8]
    N 5 25 0 A method according to claim 7, characterized in that four (20 z: - 23), triangular blanks are bent in the direction of the base; and positioning and bending four> square pieces (16 - 19) having a position and bending of 90 at an angle to the triangular = angular blanks. 2 30
    [9]
    Method according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the circumferential plate of the circumference directed towards the cylindrical part of the end structure is dimensioned to be the width of the fold, a multiple thereof or a fraction of this dimension.
    [10]
    Method according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that by connecting the two end structures together at their open edges as mirror images of each other, the shape of the container being spherical.
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    FI128577B|2020-08-14|
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    法律状态:
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